CNC machining technology enables programmers to create products with high accuracy and detail. Using CNC software and cutting tools, programmers can reduce the risk of human error in design and build a highly sophisticated process that produces the best possible results. However, it is not just a method. It’s an umbrella term that applies to many other technologies. Choosing the right option is a matter of understanding the various options’ risks, benefits, and details. Some are best for more advanced projects, while others are great for adding the finishing touches. By reviewing all available features on a CNC machine, developers will be better able to take control of the product development process.
What are CNC machining techniques and their advantages and disadvantages
Although CNC machining generally refers to the general use of computer numerical code to control tools, its application varies from type to type. Below are five of the most popular CNC machining techniques in use today.
1. Milling
This process uses a multi-point rotary tool to cut and shape the material. The rotational speed can reach thousands of revolutions per minute. In this case, the workpiece is fed into the cutter, not the tool into the workpiece.
Advantage: milling provides excellent control over cutting the material and allows a large or small amount of material to be removed at once.
Disadvantage: CNC programming in a milling machine is very complex and can usually be done only by the most skilled operators.
2. Turning
Stationary tools remove excess material from rotating workpieces. The part that holds the workpiece and turns it is called a lathe.
Advantage: turning is ideal when many parts or assemblies are required.
Disadvantage: shapes are usually limited to cylindrical types, such as spheres and cones.
3. EDM
Electrical discharge machining (EDM) uses an electric spark to melt and shape metal without cutting it. There are two main types of EDM: wire EDM and die EDM.
Advantages: ideal when the material is fragile and cannot withstand heavy cuts.
Disadvantage: it is a lengthy process, mainly to complete, rather than a complete project.
4. Grinding
A rotating grinding wheel moves across the surface of a workpiece to shape it. The function is similar to milling, but grinding does not require a tool.
Advantages: it provides a high-quality surface, making it ideal for tool finishing.
Disadvantage: it is a slow process because there is no tool, and the material is removed by wear.
5. Drilling
The drilling process in CNC machining is undeniable. It uses a drill to make precise holes and remove excess material.
Advantage: drilling is economical and more accessible than other CNC machining techniques.
Disadvantage: use is limited due to the lack of a tool turret to change bits as needed.
In addition to the five CNC machining categories listed above, each type can have its subcategory of tools used in different parts of new product development. Therefore, developers must work with partners with experience in all the other CNC machining applications.
Choosing the proper CNC machining process
Often it’s not a matter of choosing a CNC machining technique to produce a product but developing a process that uses multiple methods in the correct order. Purchasing options vary by industry. It is best to choose a business partner that can use various tools. In addition to technology, it is essential to look at the software that controls these machines, as it is the driving force behind product design. Many computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD and CAM) programs are on the market, so some programs are more potent than others. Some are aimed at beginners, which makes them unsuitable for the severe commercial applications that most developers need in their products. Among professionals, software such as Mastercam is considered the best for developing products for the mass market. Ideally, programmers should be able to visit the store of their preferred company and even see some of the CNC machining technologies in use. This careful observation will help them determine which business partners are right for them and gain more confidence in the process. The right person will ensure the best and most accurate project and production schedule.
What is machining?
Machining is the production of material in the desired shape and size. Machining usually refers to metalworking, but it can also be used to produce wood, plastics, ceramics, stone, and other materials. Suppose you have a raw material that you want to shape into a specific shape for a particular purpose. In that case, the machining process will help you transform that raw material into a finished product. Examples of machined products include nuts and bolts, automotive parts, flanges, drills, plates, and other tools and items related to various industries.
Machining tools
There are many machining tools available that can perform various machining tasks. The main categories of machining tools are turning, milling, sharpening, cutting, drilling, and boring. Although there are many more machining tools, these are the most popular classic machining tools.
Turning tools
All lathe knives work in the direction of the lathe, turning the blank against a stationary insert or another cutting tool.
Milling tool
Milling tools are used to cut unique shapes and patterns from raw materials.
Abrasives
Grinding is a machining type involving turning but cleaning rather than shaping – grinding is required for deburring and finishing materials.
Cutting tool
Cutting tools such as scissors and saws (manual or electric) can draw straight lines on hard materials when precise cuts are required.
Drilling tool
Drilling tools complement all drilling processes, with drills and many others allowing holes to be drilled in any material. Drilling is a method of widening a previously drilled hole to the correct size.
However, a new advance in machining practice was the introduction of CNC machining. Computer numerical control (CNC) adds computers to the machining method, so CNC machining no longer relies on human ability but instead allows the various tools for cutting, grinding, drilling, etc., to be controlled by a computer that provides precision design.
Applications of machining
Machining has many applications. Machined products are used in many industries, including construction, engineering, and manufacturing, and automobile manufacturers require precise machining of every part to make it work properly. In the oil industry, engineers provide highly detailed instructions for designing and machining parts for pumps, pipelines, and structural aids. In the construction industry, machining produces drills, hammers, other tool parts, and more significant components such as structural steel beams and pile reinforcement. Machining is versatile and precise and enables companies and industries to design products and tools that fit their needs.
CNC roller grinder
A roller grinder is a grinding tool or machine used in the grinding process. Grinding is a standard machining method using a grinding wheel or grinding wheel as a tool. The main feature is shaft grinding. Some cylindrical machines can perform multiple grinding tasks, including simple milling tasks.
CNC-controlled grinding ensures precision.
The CNC machine’s operating system is equipped with a humanized active panel that can accurately display ground movement. The friendly human-machine interface not only ensures the accuracy of the work but also provides excellent convenience for multiple users in different conditions. Thanks to modern programming techniques, today’s grinder operators call up the appropriate cutting program from the machine’s memory, and the machine processes it accordingly.